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Evaluation of yield and morphological traits of new wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum) under rainfed conditions (late-season drought stress) in Golestan province (case study: Galikesh region)
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Ali Rahemi Karizaki *   , Hadiseh Faramarzi Kohsar , Javad Timori , Abbas Abhari |
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Abstract: (40 Views) |
Introduction: One of the most important aspects of wheat breeding is the stability and resilience of varieties under different environmental conditions. Late-season drought stress is one of the most significant environmental stresses that limits wheat production and reduces its yield. This study aimed to examine the response of wheat grown under rainfed conditions. in mountainous area (Farsian village) located in Galikesh region.
Materials and methods: For this purpose, a study was conducted on ten wheat varieties (UR-93-15, UR-95-15, Gaboos, Paya, Aramesh, Aplump, Euclide, Mihan, Gascojen, and Wiener) in three replications within a randomized complete block design in Galikesh region. Phenological stages were recorded, and sampling was carried out to determine yield and yield components separately on 10 specific plants. Additionally, to determine grain and biological yield per square meter and harvest index, four one-square-meter samples from each plot were taken at the final harvest stage. Data analysis was performed using SAS software.
Results: Analysis of variance showed that the effect of variety on all studied traits was significant at the 1% level. The mean comparison results showed that the shortest and longest spike lengths belonged to the Aramesh variety with 9.60 cm and UR-93-15 variety with 15.6 cm, respectively. Additionally, the Aramesh variety with 592 spikes per square meter and the Euclide variety with 251 spikes per square meter had the highest and lowest number of spikes per square meter, respectively. The lowest number of grains per spike was observed in the Paya variety, and the highest value for this trait was observed in the Gaboos, Mihan, and UR-95-15 varieties with 43 grains per spike. Furthermore, the Wiener and Paya varieties had the highest and lowest biological yield (3.11 and 1.53 kg per square meter, respectively). Correlation results showed that the harvest index and the number of spikes had a positive correlation above 80% and played the most significant role in grain yield.
Conclusion: Considering the climatic conditions (rainfall and temperature) in the region and late-season drought stress, there was little difference between varieties in most evaluated traits. However, the Aramesh variety performed better than the other varieties grown in the region and can be recommended for this area. |
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| Keywords: Spike, Harvest index, Peduncle length, Grain yield |
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Full-Text [PDF 511 kb]
(22 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Ecophysiology
Received: 2026/01/4 | Accepted: 2025/03/19 | Published: 2025/03/19
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