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Effect of tillage and cover crops on soil characteristics, weed biomass, and quantitative and qualitative yield of different maize cultivars (Zea mays)
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Behrouz Khalil Tahmasbi *   , Ahmad Tobeh , Rasoul Fakhari , Rahman Khakzad , Javad Alimoradi |
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Abstract: (310 Views) |
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effect of tillage systems and cover crops on soil characteristics, weed biomass and quantitative and qualitative yield of early, medium clay and late corn cultivars.
Materials and methods: The experiment was conducted as a split-plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications in 2019-2020 at Karaj Agricultural Research Station. The two tillage systems employed in the main plots, the cover crop levels and the maize cultivars were factorial in the sub-plots. The tillage systems were minimum tillage (MT), with disc and conventional tillage (CT), cover crop consisting of rye, common vetch, Persian clover, red clover, and no cover crop (control), and three maize cultivars (Early ripe maize (SKC 108), Medium ripe maize (SKC 604) and Late ripe maize (SKC 704). Cover crop was planted as early as possible in September and in the spring of the following year, after tillage, the planting of corn was done.
Results: There was a significant difference between treatments of cover crops in terms of biomass, absorbed nitrogen, and soil moisture content cover crops. The highest amount of biomass and nitrogen absorbed was in rye and red clover had the highest percentage of soil moisture content due to its low growth during autumn and winter. The effects of test factors on weed biomass were significant. The lowest weed biomass related to conventional tillage × rye × medium ripe maize cultivar and the highest biomass of weed were obtained from late ripe maize in red clover treatment under conventional tillage conditions.
Conclusion: Since there was no significant difference in the yield components of traits, biomass, seed yield, protein yield, absorbed nitrogen, and seed particles between the two tillage systems: common and minimum, one can prevent erosion and soil compaction as well as the time spent on controlling herbicide by integrating the minimum tillage system and cover crop as well as by reducing the distribution soil. |
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| Keywords: Nitrogen absorbed, Rye, Red clover, Protein yield |
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Full-Text [PDF 708 kb]
(56 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Ecophysiology
Received: 2024/03/16 | Accepted: 2024/03/18 | Published: 2024/03/18
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