|
Effects of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi on shoot nutrient elements accumulation of dryland wheat
|
Rahim Naseri *   , Mehrshad Barary , Mohammad Javad Zaree , Kazem Khavazi , Zahra Tahmasebi |
|
|
|
Abstract: (4168 Views) |
Abstract
Introduction: Application of biological fertilizers such as; bacteria's and fungi's of phosphate solubilizing improves soil fertility. Many bacteria produce enzymes which enhance releasing phosphate from organic phosphate compounds. These bacteria also produce other biological materials such as; auxin, gibberellic acid, vitamins and hormones that increase the dissolution of phosphate. Strains of Pseudomonas and Bacillus are the most efficient in solubilizing phosphorus. Mycorrhizal fungi play a key role in nutrients cycling in ecosystem and also increasing plants resistance to different environmental stresses.
Materials and methods: In order to study the effect of pseudomonas putida bacteria and Glomus mosseae fungi on accumulation of shoots nutrient elements in wheat under dryland conditions, an experiment was carried out in factorial based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at agricultural research station of Ilam University and station of Sarableh Agricultural and Research Center during 2013-2014 cropping season. Experiment factors consisted of two dryland wheat cultivars (Keras-Sablan and Saji) and fertilizer sources treatment including of 1) control treatment (without application of fertilizer), 2) 50 kg/ha phosphorous chemical fertilizer, 3) Pseudomonas putida bacteria, 4) Glomus mosseae fungi, 5) Pseudomonas putida + Glomus mosseae, 6) Pseudomonas putida + Glomus mosseae + 25 kg/ha phosphorous chemical fertilizer, 7) Pseudomonas putida + 25 kg/ha phosphorous chemical fertilizer and 8) Glomus mosseae + 25 kg/ha phosphorous chemical fertilizer.
Results: Results indicated that interaction effect between cultivar × fertilizer sources had significant effect on accumulation of nutrients elements at shoots in dryland wheat. In each two cultivars under dryland conditions using of Pseudomonas putida and Glomus mosseae caused increasing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at tillering stage, leaf, stem and spike, so that the highest of nitrogen at tillering stage (7.7 mg/g), leaf (10.2 mg/g), stem (10.5 mg/g) and spike (8.4 mg/g), phosphorus in leaf (0.72% mg/g), stem (0.68%) and spike (0.73%) and potassium at tillering stage (2.5%), leaf (3.4%), stem (1.5%) and spike (1.8%) obtained from treatment of Saji cultivar × Glomus mosseae + 25 kg/ha phosphorous chemical fertilizer. The lowest accumulation of nutrients elements in shoots belonged to Keras-Sabalan × control treatment.
Conclusions: This study showed a positive and significant effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria's and mycorrhizal fungi on nutrient elements in wheat organs under dryland conditions. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungus increased the accumulation of nutrient elements of air organs in comparison with treatments of control and one hundred percent of chemical fertilizers, which resulted in increased wheat grain yield in dryland conditions. Therefore with regard to cultivation of dryland wheat is facing to drought and heat stress, indicated that Saji cultivar and using of mycorrhizal fungi can be the best result under dry land conditions the Ilam area.
Keywords: Wheat leaf, Potassium, Dryland conditions, Fertilizer sources, Nitrogen |
|
| |
|
|
Full-Text [PDF 913 kb]
(1396 Downloads)
|
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Ecophysiology
Received: 2018/07/3 | Accepted: 2018/07/3 | Published: 2018/07/3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Add your comments about this article |
|
|
|
